1. parallelism.

2. A. Parallelism is the repetition of the same phrase or syntactical form in close proximity. Repeating the same words in the same order creates a distinctive rhythmic and semantic effect.

3. B. Like parallelism, repetition, when employed as a poetic technique, refers to the use of the same word or phrase multiple times for purposes of (for example) emphasis or heightening. “Joyful, joyful, joyful” (Line 46) is an example of this.

4. A. The sea symbolizes freedom and joy as the speaker recounts a memory of their dog “jumping about / full of the voltage of the sea's movement . . .” (Lines 41-42). The sea represents a boundless happiness and joy that the speaker envies and wishes they, too, could experience.