Decimus Vindacius Valerian, a wealthy merchant, and his son Marcus discuss the future of the Roman Empire. Rocked by incompetent and self-serving leadership and fending off rebellion from the outside, the Empire “was on her knees” (44). With the acclaimed general Vespasian recently anointed Emperor, the elites have high hopes that he can restore stability, and Decimus tries to persuade his son to pursue a political career and become part of the new order of Rome!” (45). Marcus, however, eschews politics in favor of wealth, a “common” desire and less honorable than the Senate in the eyes of his father. Despite his father’s disapproval, Marcus proves to be an astute negotiator, courting the favor of a would-be Senator in exchange for future political favors. However, Decimus frets over his son’s hedonism and the way he uses his natural gifts for wealth and pleasure rather than for the good of the Empire.

Marcus walks through the loud, foul-smelling streets to visit his friend, Antigonus. Over wine and food, they discuss the fall of Jerusalem and the ferocity with which the Jews defended their homeland. Later, Marcus and Arria, his current lover—though he has grown tired of her company—stroll through Antigonus’s garden admiring the statues.