The term “prison industrial complex” refers to a series of interconnected legal and criminal justice systems, including private and federal prisons, courts, and law enforcement offices in the United States. These institutions work together to incarcerate individuals, claiming that isolating them will fix social, political, and economic problems.

However, critics of the system argue that its primary motivation is not justice, but profit. Abolitionist activists, such as Angela Y. Davis, have pointed out that since corporations that own private prisons profit from increased imprisonment rates, they have a clear motive for not lowering the overall crime rate or focusing on rehabilitation. Davis argues that incarcerating more people actually makes social problems worse, damaging the families and communities incarcerated people can no longer contribute to. In his Acknowledgements section, Adjei-Brenyah lists Davis and other theorists of the prison industrial complex, including Ruth Wilson Gilmore and Mariame Kaba.

In the US, prisons are the last legal site of enslavement: The 13th Amendment abolished slavery except when it’s used as a punishment for people who’ve been incarcerated for crimes. Today, private prisons force incarcerated people to work for miniscule wages or no wages at all while pocketing profits.