Stefania’s story emphasizes the importance of determination and courage. Without bravery and willpower, Stefania and the Jews arguably don’t survive. To endure the heinous conditions and life-or-death threats, the characters require pluck and valor.

Before World War II breaks out, and the mass murder starts, Stefania displays determination and courage. As a young teen, she moves from the country to the big city and holds down a job. Once the Nazis take over, Stefania’s courage and determination reach heroic heights. She bravely sneaks into the ghetto to give the Diamants food and essential items. She courageously hides them and figures out how to keep them alive when the two German nurses move in. The German nurses represent one of many unexpected difficulties. Stefania also has to deal with an array of predatory men, a ruthless boss, the trauma of losing Izio, and the ever present worry that Nazis might discover her situation and kill her, Helena, and the 13 concealed Jews. After the person beats Helena, Stefania cries. She admits, “I have never, ever wanted so much to give up” (334). Yet Stefania stays determined. She persists against nearly nonstop hardship and keeps herself, her sister, and the Jews alive. As the war ends, Stefania realizes, “I might win this game I’ve been playing against hate” (371).