The White City, the Lost City of the Monkey God, and Ciudad Blanca all refer to the legend of a lost city in Mosquitia, but they also symbolize ignorance, superstition, and false beliefs. Preston leans into the White City legend in the first part of the book, only to gradually replace this false concept with facts derived from archaeological evidence. While the White City is a misleading myth that developed into superstition, Preston notes that it is ultimately based on truth that was altered and misinterpreted over time. Even ignorant ideas can have a basis in truth—yet that truth can only be rediscovered through systematic scientific research, like what the team conducts later in the narrative.

The White City also acts as a reoccurring symbol of obsession, or passion, depending on one’s perspective. Various figures in the book, including Elkins, Heye, and even Preston, are obsessively focused on finding the Lost City and solving its mysteries. By building up the mystery and intrigue of the White City early in the book, Preston attempts to foster curiosity within the reader, compelling them to read on to find answers.